What is the overall margin trend across all crude oil grades. Find information for Crude Oil WTI Futures Overview provided by CME Group. May 19, 2023 · Gross margins for producing two barrels of gasoline and one barrel of distillate fuel oil from three barrels of crude have retreated to $33 per barrel from a record $60 at the start of June 2022. The market value of an individual crude stream reflects its quality characteristics. This difference, known as the crack spread, can indicate refining margins and profitability. Cash Price The current bid or offering price for a crude or product, for immediate delivery (Spot price). One of the most traded commodities in the world, crude oil and its demand are important barometers for the health of the global Crude grades (updated) Instead of tying refinery margin calculations to a specific grade, our new methodology is based on types of crude. cash margins declined alongside generally weakening indicators for refinery utilization, demand, crude pricing, product prices, and product cracks. The reason? Waterborne crude is internationally connected and free from infrastructure economics. Oct 11, 2022 · The majority of U. It is slightly incleasing. The price of Doba has risen dramatically as a result. The index handbook this month said a supervisory committee “intends to consider whether storage and delivery characteristics of crude oil” would make an “allocation to Brent crude oil in the index appropriate” in 2012. Oct 31, 2011 · Relatively lower prices for West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil compared to other crude oil prices make wholesale refinery margins (the difference between the value of refining inputs and outputs that is available to cover refining costs and profits) using the WTI price appear higher than refinery margins using other indices. 4% over the quarter, with increased diesel demand overshadowed by reduced jet and gasoline Jun 7, 2023 · In recent months traders have struggled to offload cargoes of Nigerian crude as buyers in India and China moved to buy more heavily discounted Urals crude, now even European refiners have begun looking elsewhere for crude oil. Feb 14, 2022 · Heavy US turnaround season ahead to cut products supply Wider sweet-sour crude spreads help USGC coking margins High USGC margins also aided by European energy transition Jul 10, 2025 · U. Today, around half of the world's oil futures are traded on ICE, which includes futures and options on Brent crude, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude, Gasoil, Heating Oil and RBOB Gasoline as List of crude oil products Crude oil map Main features of some qualities of crude oil Density and sulfur content of crude oils In the international petroleum industry, crude oil products are traded on various oil bourses based on established chemical profiles, delivery locations, and financial terms. Feb 28, 2022 · Market overview The U. Mar 1, 2021 · The petroleum refinery is one of the key industries of the Indian economy, where crude oil passes through various refining processes before being converted into valuable finished products. Aug 9, 2024 · Advantages and Disadvantages of Sour Crude Oil Advantages: 1. Sep 30, 2020 · Crude oil is a complex mixture of various hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon compounds. Their importance in global energy markets and financial systems makes them a popular choice for traders, investors, and hedgers alike. View Margins Jul 10, 2024 · The high cost of Nigeria’s 35 crude oil grades including Bonga, Agbemi and others has been attributed as the reason why Dangote Refinery resorts to buying crude oil from the United States. An overall 25-30% of total crude runs in the region are the heavy Canadian crude grades Nov 29, 2021 · USAC cracking margins for Urals crude averaged $8. Apr 12, 2025 · Crude oil blending plays a crucial role in midstream operations, serving as the artful process of combining different types of crude oils to create a desired blend with specific characteristics. 8, as rising crude prices were not matched by refined product gains, but began to pick up toward the end of the week as gasoline and diesel Mar 7, 2025 · The world is poised for a year of surplus oil production in 2025. crude oil imports come from Canada, which produces heavier grades of crude oil than the United States. Jan 16, 2025 · Explore the significant impact of the 3-2-1 CME Group crack spread on oil prices, reflecting refining margins and market health, with a focus on recent trends and economic factors. Crude oil is a worldwide commodity and a primary source of energy for the global economy. Even though average crude oil prices were reduced in FY24 from FY23, the retail price of Motor Spirit (MS) / High-Speed Diesel (HSD) was unchanged since April 2022 which resulted in a higher marketing margin in FY24. Global production and consumption has been increasing and more than 80 million barrels of crude oil is produced each day based on IEA statistics for 2013. Aug 21, 2024 · Discover engine oil grades, types, and classifications. click on the bloomberg screen to examine refining margins for US Mid - Continent topping refiniers. Looking at crack spreads shows why. S. The next 10 years of futures contracts for WTI Crude Oil, along with the latest WTI Crude Oil news and articles. , 2005). It exists in numerous forms with distinct characteristics and is categorized based on its toxicity, API gravity, volatility, chemical composition, geographical location, viscosity, and sale benchmarks. The GRM is an important measure of a refinery’s profitability. Mar 30, 2025 · Refining Margins Crude oil refining is a complex process that involves the conversion of crude oil into finished petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. Get updated data about energy and oil prices. In addition, a refiner always seeks a higher margin As the most liquid and leading platform for trading global crude and refined oil markets, ICE provides hundreds of oil futures and options contracts, including a wide range of North American grades. It is important to note that buyers and sellers of a particular grade of crude oil value its characteristics differently depending on their Sep 18, 2024 · Crude oil futures are among the most actively traded commodity futures contracts in the world. Energy Information Administration, there are various grades of physical oil. Dr. Track price changes, analyze trends, and monitor key oil market indicators. What is the overall margin trend across al crude oil grades? Bloomberg Terminal What is the overall margin trend across all crude oil grades Here’s the best way to solve it. The overall margin trend across all crude oil grades refers to the changes in profitability that ref Jun 7, 2023 · With an uncertain picture on oil supply and demand, traders are searching for any clear clues on where the market is headed. About the same number of wells (5,500) were completed in 2H23 when oil prices were much higher. The overall capacity of U. It also enables subscribers to understand the evolution of margins by refinery type and by product, as well as refiners’ appetites for diferent crude grades. Crude exports to China and India eased m-o-m but accounted for 80% of Russian shipments. Feb 20, 2025 · The Mountain West refineries (PADD4) are similarly dependent on Canadian crude oil and face the same challenges. Crude Oil Prices USD/bbl, data updated daily. According to the U. Brent and WTI are light, sweet and favored by refiners. 6% from Q3 2023. Multiple cargoes of these crude oil grades are available in 1000 kbbl parcel sizes. light product demand was down by 0. Nov 3, 2014 · The effect that a relaxation of current limitations on U. In the first half of 2022, Canada accounted for 61% of all U. Today, let’s take a closer look at the two most widely-traded crude oil grades on a global scale. Gasoline is a globally traded commodity, and prices are highly correlated across global spot markets. Refining margins, also known as crack spreads, are an important metric used in the oil and gas industry to measure the profitability of refining operations. com Hydroskimming yields are based on publicly available crude oil assays. The composition of hydrocarbons in crude oil can vary significantly, leading to different grades of crude oil. Dec 30, 2020 · One of the ways for an already constrained organization, to gain a competitive edge over other candidates in the Oil & Gas industry is through ‘crude blending’ or simply stated, the process of Apr 4, 2022 · Cash Market The market in which physical oil is traded (e. Essentially, it measures the profitability of refining operations before accounting for operational expenses. OPEC+ members might change their policies as they face the prospect of ceding further market share to countries outside of the group. Crude oil testing and assay services provided by Intertek support customers from the well-head to the refinery across the world. Mar 31, 2025 · Crack spreads, which represent the price difference between products and crude oil, can be used to determine the relative value of various petroleum products for refineries to produce. Changes in environmental regulations, fluctuating natural gas prices, and the recent sharp decline in crude oil prices have caused ripple effects for downstream players. API Gravity (x-axis): This measures the density of the oil. In turn this has pushed Bonny Light, Nigeria's flagship crude grade to 50 cents/b discount to Dated Brent on June 6. Oil Price Charts Oilprice. Oct 13, 2023 · In essence, refining margins encapsulate the refinery’s ability to convert crude oil into valuable end-products while ensuring a viable profit margin. Jan 24, 2023 · Oil refineries are complex machines, capable of processing multiple streams of crude into dozens of different petroleum products. the Rotterdam Spot market). Each type of crude oil can have an impact on a variety of elements, including pricing and production methods. producers would have to complete more than 5,400 wells in 2H25 to match the number of wells completed in all of 2024. Like the price of WTI Crude Oil, Brent’s price is a major benchmark for the purchase of oil worldwide. Jul 16, 2012 · Many types of crude oil are produced around the world. 50 per barrel of crude oil. THE GLOBAL CRUDE OIL MARKET The international crude oil market is the source of the primary feedstock for creating refined petroleum products produced in oil refineries across the world. Feb 23, 2024 · The Key Refining Margin Metric table below shows that U. It is mostly declining. The “lights” are the star products, with Arabian Super Light, Arabian Extra This crude is finding homes in refineries all over the world and has been particularly popular in the storage hubs of Fujairah and Rotterdam, where the crude is processed at topping facilities to make IMO-compliant fuel oil. Jul 3, 2025 · With falling crude oil prices in our forecast, we expect recent downward trends in rig counts and well completions to continue. crude oil exports would have on U. Catalytic Cracking A refining process which breaks down the larger, heavier, and more complex hydrocarbon molecules Crude Oil Price Trend, Index and Forecast Track the latest insights on Crude Oil price trend and forecast with detailed analysis of regional fluctuations and market dynamics across North America, Latin America, Central Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Middle East, North Africa, West Africa, Central and Southern Africa, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, East Asia, and Oceania Stay ahead with our crude oil market insights and intelligence, allowing you to make informed decisions and capitalize on market opportunities. For simplicity’s sake, the industry measures refining margins Crude oil prices & gas price charts. Higher gravity — a lighter hydrocarbon liquid — is worth more as it enables production of a greater percentage of high-margin products. The 3-2-1 crack spread is Despite moderation in GRM in FY24, the operating profit of oil players jumped multi-fold in FY24 over FY23 due to higher marketing margin. For example, Singapore light sweet grade is composed of Tapis quotes until Crude Quality Comparison This chart compares various crude oil grades based on two key characteristics: API gravity and sulfur content. It represents the difference between the value of petroleum products produced by a refinery and the cost of the crude oil used to produce them. Dec 17, 2024 · Gross refining margins (GRM) refer to the difference between the cost of crude oil and the price of refined products like petrol and diesel. Kaase Gbakon, an energy expert Crude Oil Regional Price Overview Get the latest insights on price movement and trend analysis of Crude Oil in different regions across the world (Asia, Europe, North America, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa). Stay updated on global energy and commodity news, including trends in oil, natural gas, metals, and renewables, impacted by geopolitical and economic shifts. Jan 14, 2025 · New design and technology – click through option and reset buttons Updated crude assay and price data for 150 of the world's most traded crude grades The uneven pace of the global energy transition along with rising geopolitical tensions continue to impact every corner of the oil market. 26, down from the $8. Total U. The entirety of crude imports into the region are from Canada (Figure 1), but Canadian crude only represents 45% of crude runs because of alternative crude access and refinery configurations. Technical & Fundamental stock screener, scan stocks based on rsi, pe, macd, breakouts, divergence, growth, book vlaue, market cap, dividend yield etc. "We are heading for demand destruction. Oil producers Decide where to target your crude. Daily figure is based on last five (5) days rolling average. Click on the Bloomberg screen to examine refining margins for US Mid - Continent Topping refineries. 81/b the week earlier as local refinery restarts increased product supply, according to Platts Analytics margin data. Dynamic steady state operation can increase profitability by optimizing the cost of crude oil and utilities against certain Refineries continuously switch between sources of crude oil and intermediate feedstock to optimize gross margins. Expand allCollapse all Dec 2, 2009 · Crude oil is not one indistinguishable substance. The variation in prices between two grades can influence refinery margins Jan 23, 2025 · Crude oil is an important component in many worldwide industries, including transportation and industry. 3 mb/d in July, as a 200 kb/d decline in crude oil loadings was offset by higher product flows. View Overview. This article provides an overview of the different types and grades of crude oil 2 days ago · Live crude oil price data for major global benchmarks: WTI, Brent, OPEC Basket, and regional crude oils. Density ranges from light to heavy, while sulfur content is characterized as sweet or sour. "Crude is over $80/b and cracks are over $40/b," he noted. More about crude oil can be find in ” Composition of Crude Oil” Viscosity refers to the oil’s ability 1 day ago · About Brent Crude Brent Crude Oil futures (BZ) help investors gain exposure to the global crude oil market. West African crude oil typically has relatively low sulfur content by world standards, but varies widely in terms of gravity, with Nigeria being well-known for light sweet crude oil grades while Angola is more frequently associated with heavy sweet crude oil. As the world of energy is being reshaped and we move towards net-zero emissions, we're partnering with the markets more closely than Jan 21, 2025 · Significant uncertainty remains in all aspects of oil supply and demand, which will influence oil prices given any differences compared with our forecast. Due to falling production of the Brent Blend, other sweet North Sea grades were gradually introduced into the Brent delivery mechanism forming what we now call a Brent or ‘BFOET30 basket’, comprising and named after: Brent, Forties, Oseberg, Ekofisk and Troll grades of crude oil. Refining marker margins are simplified regional margin indicators based upon product yields and a single 'marker' crude oil deemed appropriate for the region Jul 6, 2021 · Oil is often thought of as the blood that flows through the world’s veins, and rightly so. It is easy to notice that WTI and Brent are both located in the right Characteristics of crude oil Although it is common to talk of crude oil as a homogenous substance, it actually comes in almost 200 different varieties or “grades. Learn how to choose the right motor oil for optimal vehicle performance and protection. The largest determinant of crude oil market value is gravity. What is the overall margin trend across all crude oil grades? It is mostly increasing. Crack spreads vary by product and can rise or fall depending on the time of year and on market conditions. Operations at a refinery are highly non-linear, requiring calibration of the overall process. MARGIN MANAGEMENT IN THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY Margin management and optimization lay at the intersection of refining production, marketing, crude and product supply, and trading and primary distribution. The grades that underpin the Brent benchmark have changed over time as production from the North Sea has continued to dwindle Access forward-curve liquidity across a broad product slate of Crude Oil futures and options covering key locations and crude grades. Other factors attributable to Dangote Refinery going to the US to source for feedstock include regional refining margin and low cost of freight from other crude sources. Article Summary The world’s crude oil market includes not only spot markets featuring physical transactions but also highly developed paper markets, notably futures and forward delivery, thus forming a very composite market structure in which all these transactions are interrelated and reciprocally influential. We estimate that U. What determines crude oil quality differentials? Crude oil is not homogenous. It’s a concept best exemplified through the metaphor of an alchemist’s laboratory, where the input is crude oil, and the output, the alchemical gold, is a range of refined products Jun 3, 2025 · Refining margins reflect the profits a plant makes from processing crude oil into fuels such as gasoline or diesel. Jul 31, 2023 · The graph displays the distribution of different crude oils according to API gravity (X axis) and sulphur content (Y axis). Basic Formula Jul 27, 2024 · Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that can be classified into various grades and types based on several factors such as density, sulfur content, and overall quality. Jun 24, 2021 · Arabian crude oils, with their high gravity scales and low upstream carbon intensity, are an exceptional product. Understanding these classifications is essential for stakeholders in the oil industry, including producers, refiners, and marketers. Jun 23, 2025 · Crude oil spot prices for 50 current and over 60 historical grades as well as crude spreads and crack spreads for key benchmarks, monthly from 1987. crude oil imports. Among the most Aug 11, 2023 · High sulphur fuel oil cracks provided further support to margins, which pushed above 2022 levels in July. These external shifts can generate major new opportunities, but require refiners to be nimble and proactive as they re-optimize to the “new normal Apr 1, 2025 · Margins have already tightened: downstream earnings for integrated oil companies dropped by about 50% in 2024 over 2023 and are some 60% lower than they were in 2022. What is the overall margin trend across all crude oil grades? Click on the Bloomberg screen to examine refining margins for US Mid-Continent Topping refineries. Brent crude and WTI (West Texas Intermediate) are Jul 10, 2024 · The high cost of Nigeria’s 35 crude oil grades including Bonga, Agbemi and others has been attributed to be the reason why Dangote Refinery resort to buying crude oil from the United States. dollars per barrel for WCS ex-Cushing coking in the first quarter of 2022, making it the most profitable oil type that quarter. Pipelines, trains, and trucks carry the final products from the storage tanks to locations across the country. Crude Oil Price Trend for the Q4 of 2024 Asia In Asia, demand for crude oil showed signs of weakness, partly due to slower-than-expected economic recovery in key economies The Story of Waterborne Crude Oil After waves of change hit global crude oil trade flows, the physical benchmarks to watch reflect the value of crude on the water. Generally, oil sourced from the Bakken oilfield tends to have Gross Refinery Margin (GRM), also known as Gross Processing Margin, is a key performance indicator in the refining industry. Mar 29, 2021 · US refining margins for the week ended March 26 slightly weakened but remained healthy, an analysis from S&P Global Platts showed March 29, as warmer spring weather spread across much of the nation and coronavirus vaccine rollouts continued to pick up the pace. Northwest Europe and Mediterranean cracking/hydrocracking refinery yields are based on refinery input and output data from the IEA’s Monthly Oil Statistics, with adjustments for sweet and sour crude grades. There are in fact 4 main types, from light oils such as gasoline and jet fuel to heavy fuel oils. There are hundreds of different grades that have different characteristics. May 14, 2024 · The profit from turning a barrel of crude oil into fuels in Asia is at the lowest in seven months, which is leading refiners to turn away from expensive Middle East grades and seek cheaper alternatives from the Americas. Aug 17, 2023 · While Gupta also expects cracks to remain above mid-cycle levels based on global refinery capacity delays creating product shortages, he said the high price of crude oil could dampen demand. Jun 10, 2022 · The price difference between the price of crude oil and the wholesale price of a refined petroleum product reflects the value of refining crude oil. Petroleum refineries produce fuel with more complex procedures, which is essential in several industries for different energy needs (Worrell et al. g. Energy news covering oil, petroleum, natural gas and investment advice Apr 26, 2021 · "We're also seeing positive signs in the crude market with wider discounts for sour crude oils and residual feedstocks relative to Brent as incremental crude oil from the Middle East comes to market," Gorder said. Two of the most important quality characteristics are density and sulfur content. Cash Settlement A cash payment to close a futures contract (e. Oils with higher API gravity are lighter and less dense, while oils with lower API gravity are heavier and more dense. refinery utilization fell by 4. com, in cooperation with its partners, offers over 150 crude oil blends and indexes from all around the world, providing users with oil price charts, comparison tools and Jan 11, 2021 · Average global refining margins fell in the week ending Jan. We consider light sweet, medium sour and heavy sour grades, which may be a chronological composite of several crude grades that reflect evolving crude oil supply and trade dynamics. Learn how density, sulfur content and composition affect its value. Oct 1, 2015 · External market shifts are not new to the downstream oil and gas industry. Companies that address the available cost levers in a comprehensive manner can improve their refining capability by up to $3 per barrel of input crude. gasoline prices depends on its effect on international crude prices, such as Brent, rather than its effect on domestic crude prices. letsallanswer. crude oil and other liquids production has been highly sensitive to changes in crude oil prices, and a Find statistics on crude oil, gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel, ethanol, and other liquid fuels. ” Each grade has differing specifications, which affect its value compared to others. Lower Price: Sour crude oil, due to its higher sulfur content, is generally cheaper than sweet crude. refineries to process crude oil changed very little over this period, but during the early to mid-1990s, refinery utilization climbed to meet increasing demand. Maximise profitability: Take your share of the margin by identifying the most lucrative markets for your crude. U. Comprehensive coverage: Benefit from Argus’ extensive RGVs data across multiple refining configurations and regions. The two most important characteristics are: API gravity, indicating how heavy or light a grade is, where a higher value indicates a lighter crude; and Sulfur content, indicating how sweet or sour a grade is, where a higher value indicates a May 23, 2023 · The impact of Western sanctions and the price cap on Russian crude and product exports are still playing out, but early signs indicate that product exports may be harder to reroute than crude, potentially adding upward pressure on overall oil prices and refining margins in the near-term. Crack spreads for both diesel and gasoline increased in the first several months of 2022. Singapore refinery margins are based on average yield statistics for several Asian countries, where reliable Find information for Brent Crude Oil Margins provided by CME Group. Feb 22, 2023 · Both incoming crude oil and the outgoing final products are stored temporarily in large tanks on a tank farm near the refinery. What is the overall margin trend across all crude oil grades? Oct 15, 2024 · ARA=Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp Refinery margins for petroleum refiners across the world are shrinking, indicating reduced profitability from refining crude oil and selling petroleum products. 58/b for the week ended Nov. However, to trade these contracts, it is essential to understand the concept of margin requirements, which ensures that parties involved can fulfill their financial Jun 9, 2020 · What does the chart above tell us? Refining 3 barrels of crude oil to produce and sell 2 barrels of gasoline and 1 barrel of diesel nets profit averaging $17. Table 1 below shows the recent liquidity trends for the key domestic crude oil futures contracts trading at CME Group. The crude oils represented in the chart are a selection of some of the crude oils Prices of the many crude oil streams produced globally tend to move closely together, although there are persistent differentials between light-weight, low-sulfur (light-sweet) grades and heavier, higher-sulfur (heavy-sour) crudes that are lower in quality. Russian oil exports held steady at around 7. Brent on the ICE). Recognizing the various forms of crude oil is critical for assessing its significance in the global marketplace. . domestic crude oil grades market has seen a tectonic shift in response to the global demand and supply shocks that flowed from the COVID-19 pandemic, recent OPEC+ meetings, and the conflict in Ukraine. This new service allows subscribers to quickly evaluate market trends for the refineries by regions, and highlights challenges and opportunities for traders and optimisers. Jul 31, 2024 · Discover the classification and characteristics of the different types of crude oil. The supplier can choose two cargoes, either a single grade or a combination of two grades, to meet its requirement of 2000 kbbl. Click on the blue bars below for information on petroleum prices, crude reserves and production, refining and processing, imports/exports, movements, stocks, and consumption/sales. Declining margins are the result of relatively weak demand for petroleum products even as global refining capacity increases. The delivered price of all the cargoes of a particular grade is the same. Oil price charts for Brent Crude, WTI & oil futures. Datasource: LSEG Datastream* * There might occur differences between data in company's official reporting and this service. Find natural gas, emissions, and crude oil price changes. This practice allows midstream operators to optimize the quality and value of the crude oil before it is Oct 19, 2024 · The Composition of Crude Oil Hydrocarbons Crude oil is primarily composed of hydrocarbons, which are molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon. Click on the Bloomberg terminal screen to examine refining margins for US Mid-Continent Topping refineries. www. ahh nltm kipklo ghqd lofje emqnts xhn yrdeo jvlomls ftrdci